Castle of Peñíscola

The Temple-Pontifical Castle of Peñíscola was built in 1294 and was completed in 1307 this fortress that occupies the highest part of the rock where the city is located. Peñiscola is located to the north of the Valencia Community, it is all a completely walled fortress, attached to the ground by a narrow language of sand, which once disappeared when there was a storm and which is now occupied by the city. Peñiscola is known as "the city in the sea" and is located on the Costa de Azahar It was built by the Knights Templar. They built the castle in the image and likeness of those who had previously built in the Holy Land. The monument now preserves all the particularities of a temperate work being one of the most clear exponents of these characteristics. It shows a Gothic architecture of a marked pure Romanesque character and cysterciense style, austere. It has a perimeter of 230 meters and an average height of 20 meters, and 64 meters above sea level. It stands out its resemblance to the castle of Miravet, built 150 years earlier. In 1319 with the dissolution of the order of the Temple, the castle passed to the Order of Montesa, which expanded the fortress. In the war of succession the city declared itself a supporter of Philip V and resisted the siege of the English forces of Archduke Charles in 1705 and 1707. During this period the castle will be reinforced with new constructions. It is in perfect state of conservation, although it is missing a quarter that was destroyed in 1814; in the course of the War of Independence. Convicted to a hard and relentless place by Spanish troops trying to recover the city occupied by the French. They had to subjected her to a heavy bombing that plagued much of the houses near the castle and part of the fortress, leaving marks on the walls. After the Carlist wars in which the city defended the liberal cause, the military importance of the fortress quickly declined. It has the privilege of having been one of the three Pontifical Sedes, along with the Vatican and the Avignon Palace. Gold cage where Benedict XIII was recruited. The walled enclosure has three doors: Sant Pere (San Pedro) or Pope Luna, Portal Fosc or Philip II and the gate of Santa Maria, this last of the 18th century. In the walls stand the defensive garitons, and the shield of King Philip II with the blasphon of Portugal. The castle is declared a National Artistic Historical Monument in 1931 It is owned by the City of Peñiscola.

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